IJSP Number 4, 2022

47 only develop when the patient feels free to explore her experienced world together with the therapist, in order to be able to name the conditional situation herself (at best with therapeutic support), which has made the starvation necessary. The individual symptom will thus lose its “ crazy ” character, because it can be understood in its integration into an overall system of effective forces. The therapeutic process will dynamically develop in the sense of the praegnanz tendency to a higher order on a more complex level. Processes of restructuring (insight, so- called “ aha experiences ” ), the change of the centring, an experimentation with systems of reference [17], etc. are made possible. However, this also requires a joint effort to do justice to the complexity of what is happening, to respond to each other in a way as sensitive and differentiated as possible, to jointly endure states of tension that cannot (yet) be resolved. This kind of black-and-white thinking will appear above all where people find it difficult to understand the motives in the actions of others, but possibly also misjudge their own motives for action, i.e. where they find it difficult to change their perspective, to empathize with others (and also with themselves). This creates barriers in the psychological field that are difficult to overcome. Bumping into barriers leads to a heightened state of tension and corresponding emotional reactions. In this respect, the regulation of impulsive reactions in the therapeutic encounter is always at stake in the sense of “ tipping resistance ” . “ The initial internal arrangement of the therapist can in fact favour beside the vicissitudes of the transference-countertransference an egalitarian atmosphere in which a series of dialogues will bring the patients, through the exchange of perspectives, toward slowly approaching recognizing themselves in their various components. It will then be possible to replace impulsive action with an awareness that enables greater freedom in decision-making [18]. From a psychoanalytic perspective, Trombini here emphasizes the effect that can emanate from an „ egalitarian atmosphere ” and thus also refers to the effect of field conditions in the overall therapeutic situation - in contrast to an exclusively person-centred view that focuses on the competent or incompetent therapist or the motivated or “ difficult ” patient for the success or tipping of the relationship. “ To adequately characterize the psychological field, one has to consider specific things, such as particular goals, stimuli, needs, social relationships, as well as more general properties of the field such as the atmosphere (for example, the friendly, tense, hostile atmosphere) or the degree of freedom. These properties of the field as a whole are as important in psychology as, for example, the gravitational field is in classical physics. Psychological atmospheres are empirical realities and scientifically describable facts. ” [19, p. 377]. 6. Therapy relationship crises in clinical supervision We formulated two questions at the beginning: What obstacles must be expected in bringing up and working on problems of this kind in supervision? And: How can the relationship experience in supervision between supervisee and supervisor be linked to the processing of such relationship problems arising in the therapies of the supervisee? To this a third question could be added: What can be learned from the aspects discussed here regarding the therapist-client relationship when it occurs in